Ever wondered how buildings stand upright? Well, it’s the magic of Beams!
When it comes to increasing your scope of knowledge about the construction process, you should definitely have a brief idea about beams. Beams are integral to the structural integrity of a building at every level as they provide strength and support.
To discuss more on this topic, we have written this article where we’ll introduce beams and understand their different types and uses.
What is a Beam?
Beams are the construction material used to carry vertical loads and spread them horizontally to the columns or walls below. They are horizontal and composed of wood, steel, concrete, or composites. Beams can withstand bending and shear pressures, keeping buildings structurally sound.
What sizes are beams available in?
The size of construction beams varies on the weight it needs to carry. In order to pick the correct beam size and material, engineers and architects must carefully calculate the required loads. The scale of a beam is determined by factors such as the span length, how much weight it must support, and any relevant building codes and regulations. Below is the chart by Shyam Steel which explains the standard sizes beams are available in:
What are the types of beams?
Steel Beams
Steel beams are utilised in construction due to their strength and longevity. They can be formed into I-, H-, and C-beams. I-beams, or universal beams, are commonly used in structural applications. C-beams are employed in structural steel framing, while H-beams feature a wider flange for better support.
Wood Beams
Wood beams have been the most commonly used in construction for centuries, also known as timber beams. They are known for their versatility, aesthetic appeal, and sustainability. Wood beams are available in different sizes and types, such as solid-sawn beams, glulam beams (composed of multiple layers of wood glued together), and engineered wood beams (made from compressed wood fibres). Wood beams are commonly used in residential construction and interior design.
Concrete Beams
Concrete beams are widely used in modern construction due to their high compressive strength. Reinforced concrete beams, which consist of steel bars embedded within the concrete, offer enhanced strength and resistance to cracking. Concrete beams are commonly found in bridges, high-rise buildings, and infrastructure projects.
What is the purpose of using beams?
- Load Bearing: One of the primary purposes of beams is to bear the load of the structure. Beams transfer the weight of the building to the supporting columns or walls, ensuring stability and preventing structural failure.
- Structural Support: Beams provide structural support to distribute loads evenly. They help prevent sagging, bending, or collapsing of the structure, ensuring its longevity and safety.
- Opening Support: Beams often support doors, windows, and large wall openings. They distribute the load around the space, preventing the structure from weakening or collapsing.
- Architectural Design: Beams can also be used as architectural elements to enhance the aesthetic appeal of a building. Exposed beams can add a touch of elegance, character, and visual interest to both residential and commercial spaces.
Conclusion
From the foundation to the rooftop, beams are indispensable components of any construction project. The role of the beam in construction is to strengthen, stabilize, and support a building structure. Those working in architecture and engineering must be familiar with the many beam kinds and their applications. Next time you look up at a soaring skyscraper or enter a tastefully decorated home, remember the beams that quietly keep it all together.
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